[PBS.新星.027.凶手线索].PBS.NOVA.The.Killers.Trail.XviD.AC3.avi
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xuteng | 2008/10/15 22:02:26 |
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haoshuang_1978 | 2008/09/25 14:05:25 |
谢谢楼主，非常感谢发帖，希望再接再厉
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haoshuang_1978 | 2008/09/12 21:18:53 |
很经典的纪录片！喜欢看！收下了！
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wuying969 | 2008/08/28 23:32:16 |
哪位大侠帮做一下字幕吧
《1421中国发现美洲？》
00:00:08.0:明成化十六年(1480年)，一群儒家官吏包围了帝国档案馆
00:00:14:他们是来毁灭|记录这一明朝最伟大成就的任何线索—
00:00:26.5:—此星耀般之船队
00:00:28.3:即为世上能兴造的最宏大木船舰队相关之众多记载
00:00:32.2:被付之一炬...
00:00:44.6:烟腾着的灰烬里埋葬着能凝结世界的秘密...
00:00:53.5:究竟中华帝国舰队把已知世界的边界推进了多远？
00:00:59.2:甚至可能在航海家克里斯托佛·哥伦布之前就抵达了美洲...
00:01:05.5:本节目由为Viewers Like You提供
00:01:17.5:<<1421，那年中国发现了美洲>>
00:01:21.3:<<IMKOW夷穆客听译>>
00:01:29.3:居于这一神秘中心的是一位非凡的人物
00:01:34.5:他的名讳是郑 和
00:01:37.0:他仍旧在东方世界许多地方被奉为神灵
00:01:42.1:曾经的中国英雄
00:01:49.3:做为最有权势的太监
00:01:52.6:他的忠诚和奉侍给了他丰厚的回报
00:02:00.5:皇帝敕封他为明朝舰队的都督
00:02:04.0:在大约30年或更多的时间里，他那支有300艘舰船的舰队
00:02:07.7:和约2万8千人
00:02:10.0:承担了七次泓壮的航行
00:02:12.5:（诗史航行）
00:02:16.3:这一英雄诗史直到现在才被人注意
00:02:19.4:而且在中国以外就鲜为人知
00:02:22.0:然而在中国，一些传统说书艺人从来就没有忘记
00:02:26.0:伟大郑和船队的英雄般的历险。
00:02:32.0:皇帝问曰
00:02:34.5:谁可为都督，统领朕之舰队巡下西洋？
00:02:38.5:对曰：郑和，他早已以勇敢闻名
00:02:42.0:他是一个人才。
00:02:45.0:但是，他已经很老了，太可惜了
00:02:48.0:不，不，我认为，姜是越老越辣。
00:02:56.0:有一个人却比其他人更热衷于向西方世界介绍郑和的大名，..
00:03:06.2:2002年，一位名叫加文·孟席斯的海军潜艇退役指挥官
00:03:10.7:在伦敦向皇家地理协会递交了一份耸人听闻的报告
00:03:16.2:...有人去过加勒比海，在1424年，
00:03:19.1:...在哥伦布之前70年..
00:03:22.9:孟席斯的报告非常有爆炸性
00:03:27.8:（首次环球航行，1421-23年）
00:03:28.7:孟席斯辩解道在1421年——几乎在麦哲伦之前一个世纪
00:03:33.3:郑和的舰队已经航行环游了世界。
00:03:39.0:他把这一学说展开在自己的畅销书里面
00:03:42.9:如果孟席斯是正确的话
00:03:44.6:郑和就曾在任何欧洲探险家之前到达了“新世界”
00:03:54.2:春秋往替，郑和的墓茔静静处在那无人问津中
00:03:58.5:只有他在南京的后人来拜访
00:04:05.5:600年来，族人都悄悄来扫墓，从来没有间断
00:04:10.9:就连墓地的位置都只有很少人知道。
00:04:25.6:现在郑和七下西洋的全程广度仍处于最吸引人的争论中
00:04:36.4:“当然，他是在七次航行中失去了生命”
00:04:40.9:“他的墓里面什么都没有，只有他的一些衣服、鞋子”
00:04:48.1:遗失和消逝的已太多
00:04:50.0:但是郑和的事迹还能从他所立的石碑上拼凑起来。
00:04:57.6:“皇帝遣使宣教化于海外诸藩国”
00:05:02.1:“变其夷俗”
00:05:05.4:“导以天朝礼仪”
00:05:08.9:还有一些片段史料被保存在省级方志、皇帝诏令、官方正史、...
00:05:15.5:少数幸存的舆图、还有一位舰队随船译官的回忆录中
00:05:23.2:本片将寻访郑和航行的真实事迹
00:05:32.0:“跟随郑和下西洋的人被尊为英雄”
00:05:37.5:“我们纪念他们”
00:05:40.3:郑和出发在英国国王为亨利五世的时代
00:05:44.5:当时大多数人认为世界是方的
00:05:47.2:(意译)“吾等使渡瀛水，
00:05:49.7:“破波如丘”
00:05:52.2:“抵遥夷之土...”
00:05:56.5: 有了古今的线索，
00:05:58.8:这两期一小时的节目将从那强大舰队的起源说起
00:06:04.1:（意译）“扬帆如云
00:06:06.8:“续航以壮...”
00:06:09.9:前1小时的节目将追溯舰队的航线，
00:06:12.2:通过古老的寺庙、贸易线路、
00:06:15.1:到当代亚洲、阿拉伯半岛、和非洲的港口
00:06:19.9:后1小时将跟随加文·孟席斯的学说
00:06:22.9:来见证郑和舰队“如何”和“是否”穿越大西洋到达美洲的
00:06:35.5:几乎是一次意外，
00:06:36.8:孟席斯才开始接触这位其认为是|“中国哥伦布”式的人物的事迹
00:06:43.3:（加文·孟席斯，1421书作者）|当我写该书的时候，一直都是把证据钉在这样的事实上
00:06:48.8:事实就是最初的欧洲冒险家都有航海图
00:06:51.8:能够指引他们的去向的地图
00:06:53.7:哥伦布有加勒比海地图
00:06:57.1:麦哲伦有世界地图
00:07:02.3:有人在欧洲人之前发现了世界...
00:07:11.0:这些早期航海家所有的地图都已失传
00:07:14.7:但是能指明大西洋遥远彼端的岛屿的地图幸存了
00:07:19.4:这使孟席斯确信在哥伦布之前|很早就有人在地图上描制新世界部分区域
00:07:26.0:刚开始，他认为应该是葡萄牙人
00:07:30.7:所以我就去了伦敦的葡萄牙大使馆
00:07:32.7:他们说我们介绍你去找里斯本的TORRE DO TOMBO的管理员
00:07:38.3:TORRE DO TOMBO是葡萄牙最著名的国家图书馆之一
00:07:42.4:我开始翻阅档案
00:07:46.6:如果孟席斯能证明葡萄牙人在哥伦布之前就航越了大西洋，
00:07:49.5:并且绘制了加勒比海部分地区的地图的话
00:07:52.9:*就能在世界激起巨大反响
00:07:59.3:但他发现的证据却让他确信：
00:08:02.6:早在1428年世上曾有一张世界地图
00:08:06.5:而且是早在葡萄牙人航海探险之前
00:08:11.1:其依据是100年后一位葡萄牙历史学家的记述
00:08:17.2:此人声称这幅地图标注了同时好望角和麦哲伦海峡。
00:08:23.3:如果的确有过这幅地图，现在也已失传了。
00:08:26.2:孟席斯却深信不疑
00:08:31.1:“远在葡萄牙人发现这些加勒比海岛屿之前，”
00:08:34.3:“即哥伦布之前70年”
00:08:35.2:“当时的情况却是葡萄牙人并不知道那些岛”
00:08:40.1:“我必须重写整本书”
00:08:48.2:多年的研究付之东流
00:08:55.6:孟席斯悲伤地沉溺在里斯本的酒吧里
00:08:59.3:他并没有忘记这个拦路虎似的难题
00:09:01.0:如果描制大西洋彼端地图的不是葡萄牙人
00:09:06.2:那究竟是谁呢？
00:09:08.0:当时英国和法国处于“百年战争”中
00:09:10.3:不会是它们
00:09:12.4:威尼斯正处于政治混乱中
00:09:15.4:也不是它们
00:09:16.7:伊斯兰世界同样也处于完全的混乱中
00:09:21.1:所以唯一的可能只剩下中国。
00:09:26.6:1402年的中国，领先了西方世界一个世纪
00:09:31.3:无论是技术上，还是学识上
00:09:33.9:当时中国的明王朝时代
00:09:36.4:辉煌地存在于1368年至1644年之间
00:09:41.7:明朝第三代皇帝刚刚继位
00:09:44.6:就急于向他那宏阔的帝国和他刚接手国家官制
00:09:51.2:推行其权威
00:09:54.9:（按英文）从这幅画卷展现了明朝首都的繁华
00:10:03.2:朱棣，他认为自己是个伟大的皇帝
00:10:06.0:他立志要超越他的所有先辈
00:10:09.5:来建立一个最伟大的帝国
00:10:17.6:为了巩固其皇权的威信
00:10:19.9:皇帝决定扩展于外部世界的贸易和外交接触
00:10:31.9:他想要与周边国家改善关系
00:10:34.9:这样郑和的使命就是出于政治考虑
00:10:38.0:目的是为了扩张和增强明朝的影响力
00:10:45.7:皇帝鼓励朝贡贸易
00:10:51.7:各国使节云都被召集来中国朝廷来朝贡
00:10:57.0:来展示中国皇权的外延力
00:11:04.1:你们进贡给我们
00:11:05.6:我们赏赐好处给你们
00:11:09.4:通过回赐的好处比你上贡的要更值钱
00:11:13.0:来显示我们是个更强大的国家和保持一种精神优越感
00:11:19.0:非常典型的中国人的思维方式
00:11:26.1:这从传统上得罪了那些反对扩张主义外交政策的儒家官吏。
00:11:34.0:他们认为中国该保持自给自足的陆地强权地位
00:11:38.0:都对这些海外的蛮夷嗤之以鼻
00:11:46.1:朱棣却认为寻找财富和留名海外
00:11:49.6:能巩固他国内的皇权
00:11:54.2:于是在1403年，他下旨建造一支巨大的船队
00:11:57.0:为了在其后的30年中，可以在印度洋上飙旗扬帆
00:12:01.7:和在整个已知世界里扩展其朝贡网络
00:12:09.0:船坞已经为建筑舰队而就绪
00:12:14.1:20年前，这里是一片汪洋
00:12:15.9:这里的房子是之后才建的
00:12:19.2:你可以想象这些建筑就是郑和的宝船
00:12:26.7:郑和的第一个任务是建造更多的船
00:12:31.9:令人惊讶的是在故都南京的心脏地区
00:12:36.4:在此6个世纪后，仍然能看到这些巨大的干船坞
00:12:43.2:当地人告诉我，直到1959年
00:12:47.4:这一块地方仍然连通着大海
00:12:50.0:这些船坞非常巨大
00:12:53.1:长度有1.5英里
00:12:56.1:宽度有500英尺
00:12:58.7:这里一共由7个干船坞组成
00:13:01.3:这是6号船坞
00:13:04.3:有记载皇帝征集了有1万人到这里
00:13:10.0:来建造这个伟大事业
00:13:11.5:为此在这里服役的可能超过2万人
00:13:17.0:场面一定恢宏
00:13:25.9:正在建造的舰队由几百艘船组成
00:13:29.9:包括几艘巨型宝船
00:13:34.7:你看看这些木桩子
00:13:37.8:它们不是用来巩固河堤的
00:13:39.6:而是用来从底部撑住船，这样工人就能施工
00:13:48.4:1957年在这里发现了一个巨大的船舵
00:13:52.6:有11英码长
00:13:56.5:我亲眼所见
00:13:58.0:考古学家考证这根木头柱子有400年历史
00:14:03.8:有33英尺长
00:14:04.9:作为一艘巨型木船的一部分
00:14:13.4:《明史》上有条目记载该船有44丈长
00:14:18.5:转换后可就是超过400英尺
00:14:21.2:是哥伦布的旗舰长度的五倍
00:14:28.7:中文“四十四丈”的记载代表有50码宽和超过100码的长度
00:14:36.1:到底有没有这么大的船呢？
00:14:38.8:我想有
00:14:43.1:福建的造船业有悠久的历史
00:14:46.9:我们有很好的天然材料
00:14:48.5:松木和樟木
00:14:51.7:超过200艘郑和要造的船
00:14:56.9:和全部大船必须在福建建造
00:15:02.8:这群学者和航海爱好者在一起集资重建明朝的船队
00:15:10.3:但是他们仍对船的尺寸大小有争议
00:15:14.7:“最大的宝船不可能超过200英尺”
00:15:19.3:“太小了！”
00:15:20.1:“远远太小了”
00:15:21.8:“我的原始材料是准确的！”
00:15:23.7:“材料是郑和的时候就画好的”
00:15:27.7:“不、不，专家们都赞同有3层夹板的船有足够坚固了”
00:15:32.4:“船龙骨也是一样，我们检查了一遍又一遍”
00:15:35.7:“既使有目前的材料和工艺水平，|来造这样大的船还是困难的”
00:15:42.1:“但是我们还不能说完全不可能”
00:15:47.3: 很多人认为450英尺长的船是可行的
00:15:51.4:归功于其多节船舱的设计
00:15:54.3:受到竹子的竹节的启发，|这样的设计大大增加了中国的船只的船体强度
00:16:03.0:1404年，太监郑和下西洋，造巨舰于长乐
00:16:13.5:兵部令福建造舰船百艘，
00:16:19.6:翌年，著新造巨舰五艘
00:16:28.2:有着明朝巨大国力支撑
00:16:30.4:这个造船企业的规模是令人惊叹的
00:16:35.0:卷入的木匠和铁匠来自全国各地
00:16:49.0:考古学家发现了使用新技术的证据
00:16:52.9:和泰坦尼克号一样
00:16:54.5:船舱把船分成隔水单元
00:16:59.4:外部为增强强度用的三层夹板
00:17:03.6:主舵和多达9张的船帆这些中国伟大发明|为巨型的宝船提供了动力
00:17:14.6:“郑和船队的所有船只|都比哥伦布、麦哲伦、达伽马的任何一首要先进得多”
00:17:28.1:皇帝策划了一系列的航行，|用来赢得来自印度洋统治者们的朝贡和效忠
00:17:35.3:他颁发印绶给当地的首领
00:17:38.7:试图他们纳入自己的治下
00:17:41.8:儒家学士中有些反对这种冒险
00:17:45.1:他只好依赖宦官的完全的支持
00:17:50.0:他最信任的宦官-郑和
00:17:53.1:开始在这片长江上筹划恢弘的远征
回复
|
SilverFox1002 | 2008/08/26 20:27:18 |
非常好！就是真的真的太难下了...
回复
|
Fantasy_Hins | 2008/08/21 22:53:44 |
都流口水了~~~
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